Published on May 18, 2026
The essentials in 30 seconds
- Who is concerned: non-residential parking lots (hotels, offices, restaurants, shopping centres, public car parks).
- Existing building > 20 spaces (obligation since January 1, 2025): 1 charging point per 20-space tranche, including 1 accessible to persons with reduced mobility (PRM).
- New or renovated building ≥ 10 spaces (building permit filed after March 11, 2021): 20% pre-equipment + at least 1 installed charging point accessible to PRM; 2 installed charging points including 1 reserved for PRM beyond 200 spaces
- Sanctions: no specific administrative fine for charging points is currently in force, but non-compliance exposes the business to legal risk in the event of an inspection, reputational damage, and a direct loss of bookings from electric vehicle travellers.
loi n° 2019-1428 du 24 décembre 2019, known as the "Loi d'Orientation des Mobilités" (LOM), requires non-residential parking lots with more than 20 spaces to provide electric vehicle charging points. Hoteliers, office operators, restaurateurs, shopping centre managers, B2B businesses: all tertiary buildings are concerned. For a hotelier, this is also a commercial lever: the electric vehicle market share exceeded 28% of new vehicle sales in March 2026 (source: AVERE-France, baromètre des immatriculations, mars 2026). For a business, the stakes also include fleet management and taxation (TAI, fleet greening).
This guide reviews, source by source, the obligations in force in 2026: parking lots concerned, quotas, deadlines, financial support, and how to bring your site into compliance.
What is the "Loi LOM"?
Entry into force and history
The loi n° 2019-1428 du 24 décembre 2019, known as the "Loi d'Orientation des Mobilités" (Mobility Orientation Act), is the founding text of France's transition to low-carbon mobility. Article 64 amends the French Construction and Housing Code (Code de la construction et de l'habitation, CCH) and introduces articles L111-3-3 et L111-3-4, which set the rules for equipping and pre-equipping parking facilities.
Decree n° 2021-546 of May 4, 2021 (amending Decree n° 2017-26) specifies the technical procedures. A few months later, the Climate and Resilience Act of August 22, 2021 extended these obligations to parking facilities managed under public service delegation, in-house management, or public procurement. The legal framework is now stable for 2026.
Objectives and philosophy
The Loi LOM pursues three objectives: decarbonising daily journeys, building a national network of charging infrastructure (IRVE — Infrastructure de Recharge pour Véhicule Électrique), and supporting the greening of corporate fleets. The legislator made a pragmatic choice: rather than imposing 100% operational charging points immediately, it prioritises pre-equipment (cable ducts, wiring, and available power) so that final installation can take place without breaking up the floor.
Which parking lots are concerned by the obligation to install charging points?
Loi LOM parking: the 20-space threshold
Existing parking lots vs new constructions: the threshold depends on the type of building and the date the building permit was filed.
- EXISTING non-residential buildings (permit filed before March 11, 2021): 20-space threshold. Since January 1, 2025, at least 1 charging point accessible to PRM + 1 charging point per 20-space tranche.
- NEW or RENOVATED buildings (permit filed on or after March 11, 2021, residential and non-residential): threshold LOWERED to 10 spaces. Pre-equipment mandatory for 20% of spaces, including 2% accessible to PRM. A renovation is qualified as significant when its cost represents at least 25% of the building's value excluding land.
This includes hotels, restaurants, offices, shopping centres, healthcare facilities, industrial buildings, and public car parks. Below 20 spaces, the obligation does not apply, but pre-equipment is strongly recommended to anticipate the growth of the electric vehicle fleet.
Existing parking lots vs new constructions
The applicable regime depends on the date the building permit was filed (not the date of the works). Three scenarios:
- Existing buildings (permit filed before March 11, 2021): since January 1, 2025, the parking lot must include at least one charging point accessible to persons with reduced mobility (PRM), plus one additional point per 20-space tranche.
- New or renovated buildings (permit filed after March 11, 2021): mandatory pre-equipment for 20% of spaces, plus a minimum of one operational charging point at delivery.
- Parking lots with more than 200 spaces: a minimum of 2 charging points installed, including one reserved for PRM.
Loi LOM hotel: specifics for the hospitality sector
LHotels fully fall under the non-residential regime. But their exposure is stronger than that of a simple office: the parking lot is part of the guest experience. For a hotelier, equipping the parking lot is not just an obligation — it's also a commercial lever. According to Coach Omnium, the number of hotels equipped in France has risen from 1,300 in 2021 to 4,000-4,500 in 2025, and 19.4% of vehicles in circulation in France today are electric or plug-in hybrid (2 million vehicles, 10 times more than in 2021). The profile of EV drivers (upper-income households, mid-forties, comfortable income) matches the premium hospitality target. Beyond compliance, the commercial stake is clear: an equipped parking lot becomes filterable on Booking.com, Google Maps, and routing apps — that's significant additional visibility for the establishment.
What is the required equipment quota?
The 1-point-per-20-spaces rule
For existing non-residential buildings, the rule is: one operational charging point per 20-space tranche. At least one of these charging points must be installed on a space accessible to persons with reduced mobility. For buildings whose permit was filed after March 11, 2021 (new or renovated), pre-equipment covers 1 space out of 5 (= 20%), with at least 1 operational charging point accessible to PRM at delivery. (Source: Legifrance)
- PRM-accessible: PRM-dimensioned space, accessible to all.
- PRM-reserved: PRM-dimensioned space, PRM signage, reserved for PRM use only.
Concrete calculation for a 50-space hotel
Let's take an existing hotel with a 50-space parking lot. The "1 charging point per 20 spaces" rule requires installing 2 operational charging points. At least one must be located on a PRM-dimensioned space (3.30 m × 5 m).
The quota is a legal minimum, not a commercial target. In practice, many hotels go further: traveller demand is growing faster than the law.
What are the deadlines?
Application calendar 2025-2030
Three milestones structure the trajectory:
- January 1, 2025: all existing non-residential parking lots with more than 20 spaces must be compliant (at least one PRM charging point, plus one charging point per 20-space tranche).
- March 1, 2025 (fleet greening, 2025 Finance Act): entry into force of the Annual Incentive Tax (TAI) at €2,000 per missing clean vehicle in 2025, €4,000 in 2026, €5,000 in 2027 (source: Service Public Entreprendre).
- Horizon 2030: the Programmation pluriannuelle de l'énergie (PPE — French Multi-Year Energy Plan) sets a major IRVE deployment alongside EV fleet growth. The exact figure depends on the PPE scenario chosen. The hospitality sector (hotels, restaurants, golf, camping) will represent a significant share. (Source: PPE Ministère de la Transition écologique)
What to do if you're behind schedule
If your parking lot isn't compliant, the priority is to frame the project. IRVE installer capacity has been stretched since 2024. Request an electrical audit, validate the available power with Enedis (or your local distribution operator), then place the order. According to IRVE installer feedback, the time between decision and commissioning varies from several weeks to several months.
What sanctions in case of non-compliance?
To date, public sources do not highlight a specific administrative fine for the sole failure to install a charging point in an existing parking lot. This does not mean there is no risk: non-compliance can be raised during an administrative inspection, building works, permit application, or litigation. Three concrete exposures remain:
- Legal risk: a customer, traveller, or association can hold the establishment liable in the event of demonstrated breach. Inspections can occur during a building permit application or another administrative procedure.
- Commercial risk: a non-equipped hotel falls out of filtered search results on Booking.com, Google Maps, and EV apps. That's a direct loss of visibility with EV-equipped customers, whose share has gone from 16% to over 28% of sales in two years (source: AVERE-France, baromètre des immatriculations 2024-2026).
- Fleet risk: for fleets of more than 100 vehicles (hotel groups, B2B businesses), the TAI has applied since March 2025. The Loi LOM corporate charging point obligation targets any operator of a parking lot with more than 20 spaces.
What financial support is available?
Several mechanisms significantly reduce installation costs. The 2026 landscape is as follows:
- Recoverable VAT (VAT-registered businesses): the 20% VAT applied to the overall invoice (charging point, wiring, civil works) is fully recoverable for VAT-registered businesses, as it does not face the restrictions that usually apply to passenger vehicles. The investment is capitalised and depreciated normally over its useful life. General right to deduct (Legifrance) BOI-TVA-DED-30-10
- Regional support: several French regions (Île-de-France, Occitanie, Sud-PACA, Bretagne) offer their own schemes.
- Qovoltis third-party investment: for eligible hotels, Qovoltis covers the initial investment for the charging points, their installation, and their operation. The hotelier pays no CAPEX and no maintenance; revenue from the charging point covers the amortisation. Model open to establishments meeting specific traffic and location criteria. Discover the Qovoltis third-party investissement model.
Let's take the example of a 50-space site requiring 2 AC 22 kW charging points. With an average cost of €2,000-4,000 excl. VAT per charging point (standard equipment and installation), full VAT recovery at 20% and standard accounting depreciation optimise the actual cost of the infrastructure. The Qovoltis third-party investment model allows, for eligible sites, commissioning without CAPEX. The price of a fast DC 50 kW charging point varies significantly depending on configuration: equipment, installation, distance to the main low-voltage distribution board (TGBT), potential Enedis power reinforcement, and civil works — typically between €25,000 and €45,000 depending on the civil works required.
How to bring your site into compliance? The 4-step method
A controlled compliance process follows a stable sequence. Allow generally 2 to 4 months between step 1 and commissioning (depending on Enedis connection availability and IRVE installer workload).
Step 1: audit the parking lot and the electrical installation
Identify the number of spaces, the date of the building permit, the subscribed power, and the distance between the main low-voltage distribution board (TGBT) and the spaces to be equipped. This audit determines whether a power upgrade from Enedis is necessary, and therefore the overall timeline.
Step 2: size the solution according to your use case
For a hotel or tertiary site, a 7.4 to 22 kW charging point covers 95% of cases (full charge over the parking duration). Fast charging (50 kW and above) is only justified along major roads or for transient traffic. Integrate supervision (smart charging, power management, customer billing) from the specification phase.
Step 3: choose a qualified IRVE installer
Any charging point above 3.7 kW must be installed by an IRVE-qualified professional (Qualifelec, AFNOR Certification, or Qualit'EnR, valid for 4 years). (Source: Qualifelec).
Step 4: supervise and operate
A charging point without supervision degrades. Smart charging adjusts power in real time to charge more vehicles without increasing subscribed power. Customer billing (badge, QR code, app) turns the charging point into a generator of additional revenue — a key part of the economic equation for a hotelier as much as for a tertiary site operator.
FAQ: frequently asked questions
Does the Loi LOM apply to my hotel or my business?
Yes, as soon as your establishment has a parking lot with more than 20 spaces. The regime varies depending on the date of the building permit: an existing parking lot must be equipped with at least one charging point per 20-space tranche since January 1, 2025, including one accessible to PRM. For a permit filed after March 11, 2021, add 20% pre-equipment.
How much does compliance cost?
For a 50-space site (so 2 mandatory charging points), allow €1,000 to €3,000 excl. VAT per 7.4 to 22 kW charging point, installation included. 20% VAT fully recoverable for businesses. The price of a fast DC 50 kW charging point varies significantly depending on configuration: equipment, installation, distance to the main low-voltage distribution board (TGBT), potential Enedis power reinforcement, and civil works. The price can vary between €25,000 and €40,000 across different market players.
What percentage of spaces do I need to equip?
5% minimum, rounded down to the nearest whole number, for existing buildings (1 charging point per 20-space tranche). 20% pre-equipment for buildings whose permit was filed after March 11, 2021, with at least 1 operational charging point. Beyond 200 spaces, 2 charging points minimum, including 1 PRM.
Are there any exemptions to the Loi LOM?
Yes. Three cases are provided for by articles L113-13 and L113-14 of the French Construction and Housing Code :
- SME owner-occupant (article L113-14 2°): total exemption from equipment and pre-equipment obligations when the building is both owned and occupied by an SME within the meaning of EU law (fewer than 250 employees and revenue below €50M).
- Charging point cost above 7% of renovation cost (article L113-14 1°): in the case of significant renovation, if the cost of charging installations (charging points + connection) exceeds 7% of the total renovation cost, the obligation falls.
- Upstream TGBT works more costly than downstream (article L113-13 al. 2): for existing buildings, if upstream main low-voltage distribution board works (grid reinforcement) cost more than downstream works (charging point installation), the number of charging points is capped at what the upstream/downstream balance allows. This is a limitation on the number of required charging points, not a total exemption.
Who inspects compliance?
Inspection falls under urban planning services (municipalities, EPCIs — public bodies for inter-municipal cooperation) and the DDT (Direction Départementale des Territoires, the local territorial authority) during building permit reviews.
In summary
The Loi LOM is a stable framework. Obligations are known, thresholds are clear (1 charging point per 20 spaces, 20% pre-equipment for buildings whose permit was filed after March 11, 2021), and financial support is available. For a hotelier, the question is no longer "should I equip?" but "how should I equip usefully?" — that is, with a solution sized for real-world use, remotely managed, and billable to the customer.
Qovoltis supports hotels, golf courses, campings, and businesses across the entire scope: audit, deployment, supervision, billing. Personalised study within 48 hours, installation guaranteed within 30 days.
Going further
- Qovoltis solutions for hospitality: Discover our hotel page
- The Qobox P charging point
- Charging points in hospitality: customer case study
Sources and references
- Law Text: LOI n° 2019-1428 du 24 décembre 2019 d'orientation des mobilités, article 64 (Légifrance)
- Implementing decree: décret n° 2021-546 du 4 mai 2021 (Légifrance)
- Construction Code: articles L111-3-3 et L111-3-4 CCH (Légifrance)
- Specific article: LEGIARTI000042995593 (Légifrance)
- Fleet greening / TAI: loi de finances 2025 (Légifrance) et Service Public Entreprendre.
- IRVE data: baromètre AVERE-France / Ministère de la Transition écologique, fin 2025.
- EV market share: AVERE-France, baromètre des immatriculations 2025-2026.
- General Tax Code: Amortissement et TVA (Légifrance)
- Hospitality sector: Coach Omnium, Hôtels et voitures électriques (2025).
- Climate and Resilience Act: AVERE-France, La loi Climat et Résilience en 4 mesures.
- Installer qualification: Qualifelec, qualification IRVE.
Article written on May 18, 2026. Data verified at the time of publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.
